TY - JOUR
T1 - Facilitating Cognitive Presence in Online Learning
T2 - Interaction Is Not Enough
AU - Garrison, D. Randy
AU - Cleveland-Innes, Martha
PY - 2005
Y1 - 2005
N2 - This study assessed the depth of online learning, with a focus on the nature of online interaction in four distance education course designs. The Study Process Questionnaire was used to measure the shift in students' approach to learning from the beginning to the end of the courses. Design had a significant impact on the nature of the interaction and whether students approached learning in a deep and meaningful manner. Structure and leadership were found to be crucial for online learners to take a deep and meaningful approach to learning.
AB - This study assessed the depth of online learning, with a focus on the nature of online interaction in four distance education course designs. The Study Process Questionnaire was used to measure the shift in students' approach to learning from the beginning to the end of the courses. Design had a significant impact on the nature of the interaction and whether students approached learning in a deep and meaningful manner. Structure and leadership were found to be crucial for online learners to take a deep and meaningful approach to learning.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85071218607&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1207/s15389286ajde1903_2
DO - 10.1207/s15389286ajde1903_2
M3 - Journal Article
AN - SCOPUS:85071218607
SN - 1522-6514
VL - 21
SP - 133
EP - 148
JO - International Journal of Phytoremediation
JF - International Journal of Phytoremediation
IS - 1
ER -