Can Step-Based Metrics Predict Current and Future Health-Related Fitness and Patient-Reported Outcomes among Women Diagnosed with Breast Cancer?

Purpose Wearable sensors that track physical activity in daily life may offer insights that help healthcare providers optimize care plans for individuals with cancer. Therefore, we examined the links between lower health-related fitness and worse patient-reported health and various step-based metrics. Methods The Alberta Moving Beyond Breast Cancer Study enrolled 1,528 women recently diagnosed with breast cancer and measured health-related fitness and patient-reported health outcomes near diagnosis, and one year later. Step counts and intensity (cadence, peak steps) were measured by activPAL® over seven days at baseline. We estimated cross-sectional associations (odds ratios (OR)) at baseline, and prospective associations between low baseline stepping and low fitness and poorer health at one year, adjusting for age, demographics, height, weight, and cancer diagnosis/treatment. Results At baseline 1,408 breast cancer survivors (mean age 56 yrs; early stage (90%)) provided valid activPAL measures (mean 5.5 days of wear). Taking <5,000 steps/d (lower quintile) at baseline was associated with lower aerobic fitness, muscular strength and endurance, lower physical and mental quality of life, and greater fatigue and upper extremity disability at baseline and one year later. Taking <5,000 steps/d at baseline was associated with greater risk of moving from favorable to unfavorable categories of aerobic fitness (OR = 2.64), curl-ups (OR = 1.84), chest endurance (OR = 2.38), self-reported health (OR = 2.37), physical quality of life (OR = 2.13), and fatigue (OR = 1.81) one year later. Preferred cadence and peak stepping were inconsistently associated after adjustment for total steps. Conclusions Although our findings need to be replicated, they suggest that simple step counts measured near diagnosis could help healthcare providers assess the fitness and health status of women recently diagnosed with breast cancer and improve their survivorship care plans.