Alternate-site kindling in the guinea-pig results in accelerated seizure progression and generalization

In rats, the concurrent alternate elicitation of epileptiform activity in two forebrain structures can result in both the rapid production of severe seizures and the development of fully generalized seizures in one (dominant) site, while arresting the progress of seizure activity at intermediate stages in the other (suppressed) site. The latter phenomenon is known as kindling antagonism. In this study, we examined alternate-site kindling in the guinea- pig as they fail to express fully generalized (stage 5) convulsions during single-site kindling. We assessed both seizure stage and afterdischarge duration following inter-hemispheric alternate-site kindling stimulation of the amygdala and medial septal areas. Alternating-site kindling of the medial septal and amygdaloid areas bypassed the normal inhibitory mechanisms in some guinea-pigs, enabling them to reach a stage 5 seizure. Furthermore, alternate-site kindled guinea-pigs demonstrated three (absolute, relative, and mutual) types of kindling antagonism. Guinea-pig kindling as a model of human partial epilepsy is discussed.